What does a hypothesis typically include in its formulation?

A hypothesis typically includes an expectation based on observations because it is a testable statement that predicts the relationship between variables. This expectation is formed after noticing patterns or trends during observations, allowing researchers to create a statement that can be confirmed or refuted through experimentation. The formulation of a hypothesis is grounded in prior knowledge and observations but does not provide specific detailed methodologies or discussions of results, as those are aspects that come into play later in the research process. The focus is purely on stating what is anticipated to occur, setting the stage for further investigation.