What process involves a critical evaluation of a scientific study by other experts in the field?

The process involving a critical evaluation of a scientific study by other experts in the field is known as peer review. This process is essential in the scientific community as it helps ensure the quality, validity, and reliability of research findings before the studies are published in academic journals. During peer review, subject matter experts assess the methodology, results, and conclusions of the study to identify any weaknesses or biases, and to provide feedback to the authors for improvement. This rigorous process helps maintain high standards in scientific publishing and fosters trust in the integrity of research.

In contrast, a meta-analysis is a statistical technique that combines results from multiple studies to identify overall trends or effects. A literature review, on the other hand, summarizes and synthesizes existing research on a particular topic without the evaluative aspect of peer review. Experiment replication involves repeating a study to verify its findings, which is separate from the peer review process. Thus, peer review stands out as a fundamental practice that validates research within the scientific community.